Hüseyin GÖÇMEN

Article | 2020 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research18 ( 2 )

The cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) is a major pest of cultivated plants in tropical and subtropical regions. In this study, the genetic diversity between populations and various biotypes of B. tabaci collected from Hatay, Adana, Icel, Antalya, Mugla, Aydin and Denizli provinces of Turkey were investigated using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (mtCOI) sequences. Thirty-two nucleotide variations were found in a 617 bp mtCOI sequence of the among the populations studied. Phylogenetic analysis divided the B. tabaci populations of Turkey into two groups clustering around the main Middle East-Asia Minor 1(MEAM1) and Med . . .iterranean (MED) groups, (i.e. the so-called B and Q biotypes respectively). Mediterranean species were also divided into two subgroups. The populations from Aydin and Denizli provinces identified as the Qw haplotype were closely related to populations of Greece, whereas the remaining samples were identified as the Qe haplotype. This study indicated that the biotype status of the B. tabaci populations might have changed from year to year depending on several factors, such as insecticide resistance, host plant preferences, and climate niches to understand the factors causing changes in the biotype structure, pest populations should be monitored, and surveys must be conducted at regular intervals More less

Ahmet AYGÜN

Article | 2021 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research19 ( 5 )

The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of 18 tea (Camellia sinensis) genotypes and 6 varieties collected from different provinces in the Black Sea region of Turkey. DNA isolation was performed according to the CTAB method of tea samples. PCR was performed for all DNA samples with 59 ISSR primers. In order to determine the genetic relationship between tea genotypes among these primers, 15 polymorphic ISSR primers were used. At the end of the PCR procedures, the polymorphism rate was determined as 77?rom the bands formed. As a result of the analysis of products obtained by PCR studies, 109 bands were obtained in . . .ISSR primers. The obtained bands were scored as presence (1) and absence (0) and their files were created. A genetic relation dendrogram was formed according to the obtained band results. Genetic diversity of tea genotypes and varieties of the Black Sea region was determined by molecular markers More less

Ali ASLAN

Article | 2020 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research18 ( 2 )

This work aims to determine the response of Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. (hooded tube lichen) collected in an unpolluted site (Yenice Forest in Karabiik, Turkey) to stress conditions. In the present study, the effect of exposure to different heavy metals (Cd 2, Pb 2, and Cr 6) for different durations and UV radiations dosages on lichen was examined at the physiological and molecular levels. The effects of stress conditions were determined in the case of different parameters concerning heavy metal, protein, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents and changes in the DNA profiles. According to the results obtained that exposure to heavy . . .metals and UV radiations leads to a physiological response in a concentration and dose-dependent manner through differences in chlorophyll, protein content in heavy metals and UV treated lichen specimen. Furthermore, changes in RAPD assay and DNA methylation analysis showed that homologous nucleotide sequences in the genome from untreated and stress conditions treated lichen specimen showed different band patterns and methylation under heavy metals and UV stress. The results determined that lichen specimen suggest as a possible bioindicator able to measure the biological effects of heavy metal pollution and damage to UV radiation More less

Selahattin ÇINAR

Article | 2018 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research16 ( 5 )

This study was conducted to determine forage quality characteristics of duo (alfalfa + one grass) and trio (alfalfa + two grasses) mixtures of some warm season perennial grass species such as dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.), Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana L.), Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) Guineae grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.), blue couch grass (Digitaria didactyla Willd) and finger grass (Digitaria milanjiana (Rendle) Stapf) with alfalfa as well as their pure sowings under irrigated conditions in the Mediterranean region of Turkey during 2010-2012 growing seasons. In the study, crude protein contents, crude prot . . .ein yields, acid detergent fiber contents (ADF), neutral detergent fiber contents (NDF), digestible dry matter contents (DDM) and relative feed values (RFV) of the mixtures and pure sowings were determined. The experimental design was completely randomized block design with three replications. The results of the study showed that there were significant differences among mixtures and pure sowings in the forage quality characteristics. The highest crude protein yield (3948.5) kg ha(-1)) was obtained from the mixture of dallis grass + alfalfa. The highest crude protein ratio (20.5%), DDM ratio (68.3%) and RFV (170.88) was obtained from the pure alfalfa. The highest ADF (40.2%) and NDF (70.9%) was obtained from the pure Guinea grass. From the results of the study, it was concluded that Bermuda grass, Rhodes grass, blue couch grass and dallis grass could be used to establish of duo and trio pasture mixtures with alfalfa, having long grazing season and giving high hay quality. Before the establishment of such pasture mixtures, it is needed to search for proper mixture ratios and proper management techniques of the mixtures More less

Tinatin DOOLOTKELDİEVA | Saykal BOBUŞOVA

Article | 2022 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research20 ( 5 )

It is well known that soil microorganisms play essential roles in the biogeochemical cycling of biogenic elements and soil-forming processes. However, little is known about the effect of the vegetation type on the bacterial community structures in soils from cold regions. For these reasons, we have analysed the bacterial communities of eight biotopes covered with different plants and two biotopes without vegetation in the Son-Kull Valley as the coldest corner in Kyrgyzstan. Using the culture-depended and culture-independent (16S rRNA gene sequencing) methods, we found 4 phylum (Actinobacteria-55.0, Proteobacteria- 30, Firmicutes- 13 . . ., and Bacteroides-2) and 5 classes of the bacterial community, with dominant classes of Actinomycetia (60.03), Gammaproteobacteria (25.0), Bacilli (10.0), Bacteroidia (3.0) and Alphaproteobacteria (2.0). The dominant generalist genera were Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Actinobacter, Dermacoccus, Brevibacterium, and Micrococcus. The results have confirmed that bacterial community structures were significantly affected by the vegetation type and environment factor, such as temperature. The diversity of the bacterial community was higher in the rhizosphere of succulent vegetation with a short lifespan, that is, in ephemerals, and with a high content of organic matter, like manure, in soil. The soil under the snow harboured the highest proportion of uncultured bacteria, representing Actinobacteria phylum. Keyword: environmentfactor; soil-forming bacteria; 16S rRNA gene ofbacterial diversity; dominant soil bacterial phylotypes and classe More less

Hüseyin GÖÇMEN

Article | 2020 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research18 ( 6 )

In this study, the resistance status to imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and endosulfan of twenty Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) populations collected in Hatay, Adana, Mersin, Antalya, Mugla, Aydin and Denizli provinces in the Mediterranean and Aegean regions of Turkey in 2005-2006 were investigated. The lethal concentration (LC) values for each population were determined by the leaf dipping method. The resistance ratios were calculated by dividing the LC50 values of the populations by the LC50 values of a susceptible population. The LC50 values of the B. tabaci populations to imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and endosulfan were found to be . . . in the ranges of 0.1-8.5, 0.7-232.9 and 0.9-21.4 mg ai (=active ingredients)/l, respectively. The imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and endosulfan resistance ratios were 1-95, 1-439 and 4-102 times, respectively. Generally, the resistance ratio against the lambda-cyhalothrin were higher than against imidacloprid and endosulfan. In addition, in the Kumluca and Demre B. tabaci populations from greenhouses, resistance to the 3 insecticides was found to be between medium and high levels. Based on the results, we determined that a significant proportion of the B. tabaci populations in the Mediterranean and Aegean regions are resistant to the active substances in neonicotinoids, pyrethroids and cyclodiene organochlorines More less

Selahattin ÇINAR | Abdıkerim ABDULLAYEV

Article | 2020 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research18 ( 1 )

This research was carried out in 2018 in order to determine the hay yields, forage qualities botanical compositions and range conditions of 5 different natural rangelands located at different altitudes the Chuy Region, Kyrgyzstan. In the rangelands, the ratio of plant coverage was 96.0-98.0%, the ratio of grasses, legumes, other plant families in the plant covered area was 24.5-48.1%, 4.7-24.0%, 36.2-63.8%, respectively. In the rangelands, the rate of decreaser, increaser and invader species was 37.0%, 7.3% and 55.7%, respectively. The average dry matter yield (DMY) of all five ranges was 2904.6 kg ha(-1), crude protein (CP) was 10. . . .6%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) compositions were 39.1%, 57.1%, respectively. The crude protein yield (CPY) was 307.8 kg ha(-1), digestible dry matter yield (DDMY) was 1699.1 kg ha(-1), and relative feed value (RFV) was 95.3. The rangeland yield increased with altitude. One of the rangelands was in the moderate condition and the others were in poor range condition. According to research results, extensive research targeting appropriate range improvement strategies for each individual rangeland with unique soil and topographic conditions is recommended in order to select among the top seeding, seeding or natural seeding, weed control, grazing methods alone or combined with other range improvement strategies More less

Selahattin ÇINAR

Article | 2020 | Applied Ecology and Environmental Research18 ( 1 )

In this research, we aimed to determine the effects of nitrogen fertilization on forage yield and forage quality of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) in Kazova, Tokat/Turkey conditions (the Central Black Sea Climate Zone) in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing years. The experiment consisted of four replications in randomized complete block design to test effect of seven nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 kg ha(-1)) on plant height (PH), fresh forage yield (FFY), dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein ratio (CP), crude protein yield (CPY), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) ratio, Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) ratio, digestible . . . dry matter ratio (DDM), digestible dry matter yield (DDMY), and relative feed value (RFV). The results revealed that the highest plant height (86.7 cm) was at the 200 kg ha(-1) of nitrogen rate, highest fresh forage yield (48360 kg ha(-1)), dry matter yield (13325 kg ha(-1)), crude protein yield (1870 kg ha(-1)) and digestible dry matter yield (8340 kg ha(-1)) was obtained at the 250 kg ha(-1) of nitrogen rate, and the highest digestible dry matter rate (62.72%) was determined at the 150 kg ha(-1) nitrogen rate. Thus, 250 kg ha(-1) nitrogen rate was the optimal dose for high forage yield and increasing nitrogen doses did not affect the ADF and NDF rates. Nevertheless, application of 300 kg ha(-1) of nitrogen decreased yield but increased crude protein yield. Therefore, a nitrogen fertilization rate of 250 kg ha(-1) is recommended for high forage yield of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) in the Central Black Sea Climate Zone or similar climatic conditions More less