Mehmet TÜRKMEN

Chapter of Books | 2021 | Applications of Traditional Wrestling in The World ( Chapter 2 )

Mehmet TÜRKMEN | Ünal TÜRKÇAPAR

Chapter of Books | 2023 | Applications of Traditional Equestrian Sports in the World ( Chapter 12 )

A cop is a slightly elliptical, knot-free stick made of flexible and dry wood, the length of which is 80 cm, and the edges of which are blunted. The game played on horseback with this stick called cop is named particularly as ‘Egyptian Wood Game.’ It is a traditional equestrian game in which competitors on horseback try to make the sticks, by hitting them on the ground, bouncing over a thick rope connecting two poles with heights of 5-6 m and a distance of approximately 6-7 m in between. The Egyptian Wood Game played frequently in the Ottoman period and in the 1960s in Turkey was no more practiced in Turkey for the last fifty years . . .except in a few locations in West Anatolia. Significance: Almost every day, a traditional cultural element disappears also in Turkey which is among the countries deeply affected by the globalization of the world. This study was conducted because the scope of studies on these issues diminished and there were even no theoretical resources as sometimes there were no practical sources. Objective: Introduction of this traditional game, which does not exist in written records, to the Turkic sports literature by correctly underlining its rules and procedures. Methodology: Monograph was composed in the form of a compilation, also observations were included by paying a visit to Karapurcek town of Susurluk district of Balikesir province of Turkey and certainly unique and distinctive images were used. Result: It was deduced that Egyptian wood game which was known to be played in the palace and its environs in the late period of Ottomans was especially an integral part of social ceremonies in West Anatolia until the 1960s, and as of the 1960s, lost gradually its character making it the constituent part of festivals and at present, was practiced only in a limited format in a few small local festivals in combination with a performance of drum and clarion. Keywords: labut; Egyptian stick; cop (stick); equestrian sports; traditional gam More less

Mehmet TÜRKMEN

Chapter of Books | 2021 | Applications of Traditional Wrestling in The World ( Chapter 27 )

Mehmet TÜRKMEN

Chapter of Books | 2023 | Applications of Traditional Equestrian Sports in the World ( Chapter 4 )

In Kyrgyz, “Dzhigit Kumay” and in Kazakhs “Dzhigit Kuu” as a team and evasion of this game in the form of the chase, Turkey full provision in Turkish “Yiğit Kovalama / Valiant Chasing” is. This equestrian game, which is almost forgotten, until 1922-26, was played extensively among the Turkic peoples in all Turkestan geography. To overcome the shortage of resources, which is almost nonexistent in the game, to provide a resource to researchers and future generations on the subject, this game is about to be forgotten, again to add to the national sports ring of the Turks.In a globalizing world, almost every day one of the national cult . . .ural circles’ ruptures, this situation brings uncompensated losses, and the field of study on these issues is shrinking. In the research, we aim to bring this national game back to the culture of the Turkish people by revealing all aspects of the valiant chase game (Dzhigit Kumay). Descriptive identification and comparison method were used in the study. The research covers the Central Asian Turkic communities, including Kyrgyzstan and South Siberia.The intolerance of the Soviet ideology to the survival of all traditional cultural elements of the Turkish people, the valiant chase game also took its share, until the independence of Turkestan in 1991, it was seldom played. Even after this date, only the Kyrgyz and especially the Kazakhs have tried to revive the game, but they were not successful in this. Keywords: Kyrgyz; equestrian sport; valiant chasin More less

Seyil NAJİMUDİNOVA

Chapter of Books | 2009 | Entrepreneurship and its Economic Significance, Behavior and Effects ( Chapter 2 )

There is little knowledge available about entrepreneurship in transition economies of Central Asia in comparison to the advanced economies where significantly more research information is available about entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial process. Despite the lack of information about entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship process in transition economies, especially about former Soviet Republic countries, it is recognized that the effective practice of entrepreneurship is highly correlated with a successful transition from a planned economy to a market based economy. On the other hand, although there might be cultural similarities betwee . . .n Turkish and Kyrgyz entrepreneurs due to historic Turkic ties between the two countries, significant differences exists between the two countries in terms of economic approach and policies adopted. Turkey has adopted market based economic policies right after WWII and has experienced much longer period of rapid economic growth compare to Kyrgyzstan. As a result, Turkey offers a more positive and mature environment for new enterprise development More less

Mehmet TÜRKMEN

Chapter of Books | 2021 | Applications of Traditional Wrestling in The World ( Chapter 1 )

Mehmet TÜRKMEN

Chapter of Books | 2023 | Applications of Traditional Equestrian Sports in the World

Marat ERGEŞOV

Chapter of Books | 2023 | Applications of Traditional Equestrian Sports in the World ( Chapter 15 )

Traditional equestrian games were a very important part of the culture for all Turkic people, because of the nomadic style of life and periodic wars throughout the history. Equestrian games make the young people be very close to the horse – the animal, which was the main element in daily nomad life and prepare young men to control a horse very skillfully during the battles. We can see the same situation in the history of the Kyrgyz people. Most of the traditional games of Kyrgyz people are also horse related. According to literature, Kyrgyz people have a lot of equestrian games like At Chabysh, Zhamby Atmay, Er Enish, Kok-boru, Tiyi . . .n Enmei, Kyz Kuumay, Kelin Zharysh, Dzhigitovka, etc. Sport is one of the main themes in cinema from the beginning of the history of cinematography. Traditional sports games are also often used in films, especially in Turkic country cinemas. As we know, Kyrgyz Cinema was part of the multinational Soviet Cinema and despite it, it could use many cultural elements in Kyrgyz films. Traditional sports and games are also used as an element of cinema narration. This research analyzes the using traditional equestrian sports and games in Kyrgyz Cinema, as one of the effective propaganda tools. Keywords: Kyrgyz cinema; equestrian sports; traditional game More less

Tinatin DOOLOTKELDİEVA

Chapter of Books | 2013 | Multifunctional Agriculture, Ecology and Food Security: International Perspectives ( Chapter 14 )

The main agricultural activities in the Kyrgyz Republic are include the production of cereal grains, vegetables, potatoes and commercial crops such as cotton, tobacco, sugar beets and livestock. The sustainability of the agriculture sector was severely affected by the large scale mono-cropping approach of the Soviet era. Intensive agriculture has caused environmental pollution due to the excessive use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides. To combat this menace we have isolated and introduced non-chemical crop protection agents, the antifungal micro-organisms Streptomyces spp., producing antibiotics and bio-stimulating compounds. Ma . . .ny isolates were screened for their ability to suppress soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi and to also promote growth of plants. Strains that are able to survive under field conditions were selected. The 16 S RNA genes of bio-control related strains were studied by PCR amplification. Strains of Streptomyces fumanus, gn-2were obtained by submerged cultivation in a bioreactor. Streptomyces fumanus, gn-2 was evaluated under field conditions against fungal pathogens and also for the growth-promoting effect on wheat, beans, barley, potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, strawberries and other crops. The pre-seed treatment provided 90 percent more safety to seedlings than the control species and the resistance of crops to fungi pathogens-Alternaria, Aspergillus, Acremonium, Botrytis, Fusarium and Penicillium species. © 2013 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved More less

Anarkül URDALETOVA

Chapter of Books | 2022 | Advances in Mathematics Research32 ( Chapter 5 )

One of the biggest problems of modern mathematics is, to a large extent, its isolation from the world around it. Extensive use of linear difference equations can make a great contribution to solving this problem. In the language of these equations, the problems of financial mathematics are beautifully presented. And as can be understood from the study of difference equations, this is by no means their only advantage. In particular, there is a direct connection between the theory of linear difference equations and the theory of linear ordinary differential equations. Therefore, we are convinced of the need to study these equations in . . . as many mathematical, engineering, economics and other courses as possible. In this paper, based on the old peasant-devil problem, we consider elementary examples of the use of linear difference equations xn acyrillickhcyrillicpcyrillic-1 scyrillic. Examples from physics, demography, and biology are also given. We hope that this paper will help a large number of researchers become familiar with linear difference equations More less

Sıymık ARSTANBEKOV

Chapter of Books | 2021 | Applications of Traditional Wrestling in The World ( Chapter 3 )

Tinatin DOOLOTKELDİEVA

Chapter of Books | 2008 | Ecosystem Ecology Research Trends ( Chapter 7 )