Zamirgül KAZAKBAYEVA

Article | 2023 | Journal of Applied Spectroscopy90 ( 5 )

The luminescence of Er3 ions in silica glasses synthesized by the direct sol–gel–glass transition method and by melting of activated gel grit using various precursors of optical centers was studied. The formation of complex centers including erbium, aluminum, and alkali metal ions was found to be one way of essentially increasing the half-width of the 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 luminescence band of these ions. Keyword: complex optical centers; luminescence; rare earth ions; sol–gel method

Mirlan MOLDOBAYEV | Zarlık MAYMEKOV

Article | 2023 | Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering57 ( 5 )

To predict and evaluate the carbon footprint in the gas phase, furnace fuel oil oxidation in excess air (alpha factor 1.3) was studied over a wide temperature (T 298–3000 K, P 0.1 MPa). Equilibrium thermodynamic parameters (entropy, enthalpy, and internal energy) and the concentration distributions of C-, S-, N-, O-, and H-containing components and active particles in the gas phase were determined. Based on the total concentration distribution of C-, S-, N-, O-, and H-containing components and active particles in the gas phase, the weight content of carbon was calculated. Taking into account the chemical matrix of the furnace fuel o . . .il–air system and the weight content of carbon, the man-made load of carbon in the gas phase was found. The results of the work made it possible to evaluate the carbon footprint in the gas phase because of the combustion of fuel, in particular, furnace fuel oil in air. Reduction of the man-made load of carbon oxides (CO, CO2) in the gas phase was achieved by modifying and burning furnace fuel oil in the form of oil-in-water (reverse) emulsions in E-1/9M industrial boilers. Keyword: carbon footprint; concentration distribution; furnace fuel oil–air; gas phase; man-made loa More less

Camilya SMANALİYEVA | Canıl İSKAKOVA | Cıldız ÖSKÖNBAEVA

Article | 2019 | European Food Research and Technology245 ( 10 )

Wild fruits and berries from the walnut-fruit forests of Kyrgyzstan may hold nutritional and health benefits for humans. Since information on their nutritional value is scarce, physical properties and nutritional value of naturally occurring red, black, and yellow cherry plum fruits (Prunus divaricata Ledeb.) were evaluated. The wild cherry plums featured moisture contents between 81.07 and 85.87%, reducing sugar contents of 6.83-8.42%, alimentary fiber of 0.78-1.38%, ash contents of 0.48-0.74%, acidity levels of 0.97-2.31%, and ascorbic acid concentrations of 16.00-30.25 mg/100 g. The total phenolic concentrations of wild cherry pl . . .um fruits was determined at 177-365 mg/100 g expressed as gallic acid equivalents. The black wild cherry plum contained the highest amounts of polyphenols and anthocyanins among the analyzed samples as well as the domesticated Prunus varieties. The essential mineral profile indicated that zinc (Zn) featured the lowest concentrations with 0.05-0.18 mg/100 g, while potassium (K) was the most abundant mineral at 127.97-188.74 mg/100 g in all cherry plum samples. 100 g fresh wild cherry plum can contribute up to 26.4% of iron (Fe) to recommended dietary allowance. All these results indicate that wild cherry plum fruits can be beneficial for human nutrition. The determination of physical attributes and chemical composition of these fruits is essential to facilitate the establishment of product standards and to further promote the use of these products in the food industr More less

Ercan ÇELİK

Article | 2023 | Optical and Quantum Electronics55 ( 8 )

Fractional calculus is a field that is currently used in the world’s applications in many science and engineering fields where many models are still being developed and researched. The conformable time-fractional gives the full history of this function, which is the advantage of using fractional calculus to solve physical problems. In this study, the conformable time-fractional extended (2  1)-dimensional quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov and the time-fractional modified Korteweg-de Vries equations are investigated by using the the modified exp (−Ω(ξ))-expansion function approach. Some new prototype analytical solutions such the hyperbolic . . . and trigonometric function solutions are successfully reached. The importance of current research is to derive new solutions using a strong analytical approach. All the reported solutions in this study have verified their corresponding model. Under the choice of suitable values of the parameters involved, the 3D and 2D to the obtained solutions are successfully plotted. Keyword: conformable derivative; hyperbolic function; the MEFM; trigonometric functio More less

Nurzat ŞAYKİYEVA | Mustafa DOLAZ | Zarlık MAYMEKOV | Mehmet KOBYA

Article | 2023 | Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering57 ( 6 )

In this study, sulfide removal was carried out in the Electrocoagulation process under controlled and uncontrolled pH conditions. Under optimum conditions, electrocoagulation took place in less than 40 minutes at uncontrolled pH and less than 30 minutes at controlled pH to reduce the sulfite concentration of the effluent below 0.5 mg/L. The reaction rate constant and iron-sulfide molar ratio for sulfide removal were 14.09 x 10(-2) min(-1) and 0.97 mol/mol, respectively; under uncontrolled pH conditions, they were 22.88 x 10(-2) and 0.97 mol/mol at controlled pH. The mg sulfide removed per g Fe was calculated as 654.0 mg S2-/g Fe at . . .uncontrolled pH and 508.46 mg S2-/g Fe at controlled pH. The operating costs for uncontrolled and controlled pH conditions were also calculated as 2.063 /m(3) (0.747 /kg S) and 0.842 /m(3) (0.628 /kg S), respectively. Controlled pH conditions were important in sulfide removal by the Electrocoagulation process. Keyword: electrocoagulation; iron electrode; pH control; sulfide remova More less

Samandar İSKANDAROV

Article | 2021 | Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics42 ( 3 )

Sufficient conditions are established such as the sign of the functions of absolute and quadratic integrability on the half-axis of the components of the solution of a linear system of Volterra-type integral equations of the second kind in the new formulation, namely, without the assumption that the components of the free term possess the properties under study. To achieve the intended goals, the matrix method of weight functions, the matrix method of cutting functions, the matrix method of partial cutting of the author, and the method of integral inequalities of Ya. V. Bykov are developed. The results obtained in this paper are gen . . .eralizing for linear scalar and vector integral equations previously considered by the author. Note that some matrix cutting functions introduced introduce a quadratic trinomial of some expressions from the terms of the kernel and the free term in such a way that the core actually absorbs the bad properties of the free term (external force). Note that growth, nonsmoothness, alternating terms of the terms of the kernel and the free term are cut off. It should also be emphasized that the kernel and the free term of the considered system of equations consist additively of two kernels, the terms of the first kernel are cut off by both arguments, the terms of the second kernel are cut off by the second argument, i.e. in part, it is shown that the conditions imposed on these two cores are different, i.e. do not intersect. The introduction of a certain matrix weight function helps to establish the absolute integrability on the half-axis of the solution component of the system under consideration, and it plays a decisive role. At the end, the simplest illustrative example is given, which shows that the results of the present article are also new for the scalar linear integral equation of the Volterra type of the second kind on the semiaxis More less

Gülşat MUHAMETJANOVA

Article | 2021 | International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction21 ( 2 )

The purpose of this study is to investigate the gaming habits, personality traits, and Internet gaming disorder (IGD) of Kyrgyz adolescents. Sociodemographic questions, gaming-related questions, Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-10), and Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) were used to collect data from 248 Kyrgyz adolescents between the ages of 11 and 21 years. The study revealed that most of the participants play digital games for 1 to 10 h a week. Among the game categories, action games are the most preferred one by the participants. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to investigate the relationship between Big Five personalit . . .y traits and IGD. The results indicated that neuroticism has a positive and significant relationship with IGD. On the other hand, agreeableness has a negative and significant relationship with IGD. The results indicated that some personality traits have substantial predictive power in determining IGD among Kyrgyz adolescents More less

İbrahim İlker ÖZYİĞİT

Review | 2020 | Molecular Biology Reports47 ( 12 )

Particle bombardment, or biolistics, has emerged as an excellent alternative approach for plant genetic transformation which circumvents the limitations of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The method has no biological constraints and can transform a wide range of plant species. Besides, it has been the most efficient way to achieve organelle transformation (for both chloroplasts and mitochondria) so far. Along with the recent advances in genome editing technologies, conventional gene delivery tools are now being repurposed to deliver targeted gene editing reagents into the plants. One of the key advantages is that the . . .particle bombardment allows DNA-free gene editing of the genome. It enables the direct delivery of proteins, RNAs, and RNPs into plants. Owing to the versatility and wide-range applicability of the particle bombardment, it will likely remain one of the major genetic transformation methods in the future. This article provides an overview of the current status of particle bombardment technology and its applications in the field of plant research and biotechnology More less

Avıt ASANOV | Kalıskan MATANOVA

Article | 2022 | Journal of Mathematical Sciences262 ( 2 )

A numerical solution of the system of linear Volterra–Stieltjes integral equations of the second kind has been found and analyzed using the so-called generalized trapezoid rule. Conditions for estimating the error have also been determined and justified. A solution of an example obtained using the proposed method is given.

Nahit AKTAŞ

Article | 2021 | Journal of Polymers and the Environment36 ( 11 )

Recently, the use of polymers in agricultural and horticultural applications has been seen as a solution to reduce water consumption and excess fertilizer use in particularly. In this study, macrogels were synthesized to allow fertilizer species and water to be controlled and released in the soil. A natural macrogel derived from N,N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm), Maleic Acid (MA) and Citric Acid (CA) was selected because of its ability to absorb/release a large amount of water and to have modifiable functional groups. Urea, which is an abundant source of nitrogen, was chosen to model the fertilizer. The macrogel was prepared using easi . . .ly available, low-cost, modifiable starting materials by redox polymerization technique. p(DMAAm-co-MA-co-CA) (DMC1) surface was modified by hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to obtain p(DMAAm-co-MA-co-CA)/HCl (DMC2) and p(DMAAm-co-MA-co-CA)/NaOH (DMC3), which have positively and negatively charged, respectively. After being analyzed for intermolecular interactions (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,FT-IR) and thermal properties (Thermogravimetric Analysis,TGA), the macrogels were tested in terms of sorption isotherms and thermodynamic parameters. However, in order to examine the urea release mechanism, the macrogels were tested using four release models such as Zero Order Kinetic Model(Z-O), First Order Kinetic Model(F-O), Higuchi(H) and the Korsmeyer-Peppas(K-P) power law. Cumulative urea release values for DMC1, DMC2 and DMC3 macrogels were calculated as 100?t pH 4 and 10, 100?t pH 6, 8 and 10, 100?t pH 4, 6, 8 and 10, respectively. Analyzes confirmed that synthesized macrogels can be good water holder for soil and can be a slow release of urea More less

Nurzat TOTUBAYEVA

Article | 2022 | Arid Ecosystems12 ( 2 )

Soil microflora is one of the first to feel a negative impact and can serve as a biological indicator of changes in the soil structure and the degree of impact on the soil ecosystem. In 2020, studies were carried out at two sites located in the Shamshy Gorge in the Chui region of the Kyrgyz Republic. One of the plots was withdrawn from pasture use for one year in 2020 and two years in 2019 as compared to the actively used control option. The microbiological diversity was studied with conventional methods of microbiology. The micromycetes of the studied soils were represented in the dominance of species resistant to adverse environme . . .ntal factors, Trichoderma, Cladosporium, and Alternaria, i.e., the species diversity was insignificant, with a predominance of representatives of dominant species. A decrease in the anthropogenic load in the studied areas has led to the activation of microbiological processes and a significant increase in soil microbiodiversity, which is indicative of improvement in the enzymatic properties and an acceleration of the soil self-healing process. Studies have also shown that soils in the regime of unregulated overgrazing are significantly susceptible to drying and trampling, which leads to a decrease in microbiological diversity in the soil ecosystem and the dominance of microorganism forms that are resistant to adverse environmental factors. The obtained data suggest that overgrazing affects the structure of soil microbiocenosis, replacing it with more drought-resistant species. Thus, the microbiological diversity of soils subjected to varying degrees of anthropogenic pressure can serve as a biological indicator of the state of the soil ecosystem. It is also necessary to resolve the issue of the regulation of the rotational grazing of livestock, which can also ensure the preservation of pasture productivity and contribute to the conservation of the biological diversity of flora and fauna of pastures, respectively More less

İsmail ERPER | Sezim COLDOŞBEKOVA

Note | 2023 | Journal of Plant Pathology105 ( 3 )

Keywords; penicillium fruit rot; postharvest; pyrus communis; RPB2