Zamirgül KAZAKBAYEVA

Article | 2023 | Journal of Applied Spectroscopy90 ( 5 )

The luminescence of Er3 ions in silica glasses synthesized by the direct sol–gel–glass transition method and by melting of activated gel grit using various precursors of optical centers was studied. The formation of complex centers including erbium, aluminum, and alkali metal ions was found to be one way of essentially increasing the half-width of the 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 luminescence band of these ions. Keyword: complex optical centers; luminescence; rare earth ions; sol–gel method

Ulaş ACARÖZ

Review | 2023 | Nutrients15 ( 5 )

Bee products, including honey, have been utilized since ancient times for nutritional and therapeutic purposes. Recently, other bee products such as bee pollen, royal jelly, and propolis have caught a lot of attention. Being high in antioxidants and bioactive compounds, these products have established their applications in the pharmaceutical field as supplementary or alternative medicines. This review focuses on their use against polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)-related infertility. A systematic search of electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar was conducted from their inceptions up . . .to November 2022. Studies with a small sample size, studies with inconclusive data, and pre-prints have been excluded. A narrative synthesis was performed during draft preparation after the authors independently performed a literature search. A total of 47 studies were finalized for the review. It can be observed that in vivo data on the use of bee products in treating PCOS mostly deals with their use in synergism with the PCOS medicines to enhance their effect and/or curb their side effects; however, clinical trials for the same are limited. With the amount of data being limited, it is difficult to map out the mechanism by which these products act in managing PCOS inside the human body. The review gives detailed insights into the reversal and restorative properties of bee products against the aberrations in reproductive health caused by PCOS. Keywords: bee products; polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS); systematic revie More less

Mirlan MOLDOBAYEV | Zarlık MAYMEKOV

Article | 2023 | Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering57 ( 5 )

To predict and evaluate the carbon footprint in the gas phase, furnace fuel oil oxidation in excess air (alpha factor 1.3) was studied over a wide temperature (T 298–3000 K, P 0.1 MPa). Equilibrium thermodynamic parameters (entropy, enthalpy, and internal energy) and the concentration distributions of C-, S-, N-, O-, and H-containing components and active particles in the gas phase were determined. Based on the total concentration distribution of C-, S-, N-, O-, and H-containing components and active particles in the gas phase, the weight content of carbon was calculated. Taking into account the chemical matrix of the furnace fuel o . . .il–air system and the weight content of carbon, the man-made load of carbon in the gas phase was found. The results of the work made it possible to evaluate the carbon footprint in the gas phase because of the combustion of fuel, in particular, furnace fuel oil in air. Reduction of the man-made load of carbon oxides (CO, CO2) in the gas phase was achieved by modifying and burning furnace fuel oil in the form of oil-in-water (reverse) emulsions in E-1/9M industrial boilers. Keyword: carbon footprint; concentration distribution; furnace fuel oil–air; gas phase; man-made loa More less

Fatih Ramazan İSTANBULLUGİL | Ali RIŞVANLI | Ruslan SALIKOV | Ulaş ACARÖZ | Damla ARSLAN ACARÖZ

Article | 2023 | South African Journal of Animal Science53 ( 6 )

The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of immunoglobulins and cytokine levels in the milk of Kyrgyz mares during the last period of lactation. For this purpose, seven Kyrgyz mares were used. During the last week of lactation, milk samples were obtained from mares four times at intervals of two days. Physicochemical tests were performed on all collected milk samples, and pH, fat, ash, titratable acidity, and dry matter were measured. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorben . . .t assay (ELISA) kits. Based on the measurements, the lowest IgG level was determined on the last day of lactation (10.23 ± 13.13 µg/mL) and the TNF-α level was determined to be the highest on the last day lactation (61.10 ± 75.69 pg/mL). However, no statistical differences between the days in terms of IFN-γ, IL-2, pH, titratable acidity, dry matter, ash, and fat were found. Varying degrees of positive correlations between the parameters existed and were more pronounced between IgG levels and pH values. As a result, it was concluded that in the last period of lactation in Kyrgyz mares, IgG concentrations decreased and TNF-α levels increased in their milk, but substantial changes in milk composition, immunoglobulins, and cytokine levels in milk did not show positive correlations with the physicochemical properties of milk. Keyword: cytokine; immunoglobulin; Kyrgyz mare; mare's mil More less

Ercan ÇELİK

Article | 2023 | Journal of Function Spaces

In this study, the modification of the concept of exponentially convex function, which is a general version of convex functions, given on the coordinates, is recalled. With the help of an integral identity which includes the Riemann-Liouville (RL) fractional integral operator, new Hadamard-type inequalities are proved for exponentially convex functions on the coordinates. Many special cases of the results are discussed. Keywords: hadamard-type inequalities; rectangle

Mustafa Murat KIZANLIKLI | Narıngül MARGAZİYEVA | Kımbat ASANOVA | İbrahim GÜNDOĞDU

Article | 2023 | Journal of Cleaner Production420

The growing relevance of green marketing, sustainability and eco-labels is indisputable fact in the hospitality industry. These concepts are based on the philosophy of caring for the Earth and not only save the environment, but also enhance the image and market value of enterprises. Despite the fact that since the 1970s eco-labels in the hospitality industry began to gain momentum in the different countries, but Kyrgyzstan lagged behind in this matter. In this study, a national eco-certificate model proposal was developed that would take into account the geographical and cultural characteristics of the hospitality industry in Kyrgyz . . .stan. The first step of the development eco-labeling model was to define the green hotel management practices (GHP) and the green marketing perceptions (GMP) of hotel managers. So, a mixed-method research design was used in the study and data was collected between October 2021 and February 2022 from the hotel managers in Kyrgyzstan. 178 survey forms were quantitatively analysed; additionally, 13 hotel managers were interviewed to gain qualitative data for eco-labelling model proposal. In order to test the study hypotheses, Anova and Pearson correlation analysis were used; also multiple linear regressions were applied. Qualitative data was analysed with the conventional content analysis and to draw a word cloud of the most mentioned words in the interviews was performed using NVivo. According to the findings, the GMP of the participants differs depending on their educational level and position. However, there is no significant difference in terms of managerial experience and number of years working in the tourism sector. Significant relationships were found between the sub dimensions of green marketing perception and green hotel practices at different levels. Based on the findings, some suggestions have been developed for the literature and the tourism industry. In addition, an eco-labelling model was proposed for environmentally friendly hotels in Kyrgyzstan. Keyword: Bishkek; eco hotels; eco-label; green marketing; Kyrgyzstan; sustainable touris More less

Camilya SMANALİYEVA | Canıl İSKAKOVA | Cıldız ÖSKÖNBAEVA

Article | 2019 | European Food Research and Technology245 ( 10 )

Wild fruits and berries from the walnut-fruit forests of Kyrgyzstan may hold nutritional and health benefits for humans. Since information on their nutritional value is scarce, physical properties and nutritional value of naturally occurring red, black, and yellow cherry plum fruits (Prunus divaricata Ledeb.) were evaluated. The wild cherry plums featured moisture contents between 81.07 and 85.87%, reducing sugar contents of 6.83-8.42%, alimentary fiber of 0.78-1.38%, ash contents of 0.48-0.74%, acidity levels of 0.97-2.31%, and ascorbic acid concentrations of 16.00-30.25 mg/100 g. The total phenolic concentrations of wild cherry pl . . .um fruits was determined at 177-365 mg/100 g expressed as gallic acid equivalents. The black wild cherry plum contained the highest amounts of polyphenols and anthocyanins among the analyzed samples as well as the domesticated Prunus varieties. The essential mineral profile indicated that zinc (Zn) featured the lowest concentrations with 0.05-0.18 mg/100 g, while potassium (K) was the most abundant mineral at 127.97-188.74 mg/100 g in all cherry plum samples. 100 g fresh wild cherry plum can contribute up to 26.4% of iron (Fe) to recommended dietary allowance. All these results indicate that wild cherry plum fruits can be beneficial for human nutrition. The determination of physical attributes and chemical composition of these fruits is essential to facilitate the establishment of product standards and to further promote the use of these products in the food industr More less

İbrahim AKGÜN

Article | 2023 | Mathematics11 ( 21 )

In this study, we propose a novel multi-objective nonlinear mixed-integer mathematical programming model for the transit network design and frequency setting problem that aims at designing the routes and determining the frequencies of the routes to satisfy passenger demand in a transit network. The proposed model incorporates the features of real-life transit network systems and reflects the views of both passengers and the transit agency by considering the in-vehicle travel time, transfers, waiting times at the boarding and transfer stops, overcrowding and under-utilization of vehicles, and vehicle fleet size. Unlike previous studi . . .es that simplify several aspects of the transit network design and frequency setting problem, the proposed model is the first to determine routes and their frequencies simultaneously from scratch, i.e., without using line and frequency pools while considering the aforementioned issues, such as transfers and waiting. We solve the proposed model using Gurobi. We provide the results of what-if analyses conducted using a real-world public bus transport network in the city of Kayseri in Türkiye. We also present the results of computational tests implemented to validate and verify the model using Mandl benchmark instances from the literature. The results indicate that the model produces better solutions than the state-of-the-art algorithms in the literature and that the model can be used by public transit planners as a decision aid. Keyword: mathematical programming; nonlinear mixed-integer programming; public transport; real-world application; transit network route design and frequency setting problem; urban public transportation; urban transit network desig More less

Mehmet KOBYA

Article | 2023 | Journal of Water Process Engineering56

The near-widespread presence of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in humans has generated concerns regarding the potential negative impact of these chemicals on human health, as some PFASs are exceedingly persistent and bioaccumulative. Among the perfluorinated PFASs, which exhibit high polarity and strong carbon–fluorine bonds, perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is one of the frequently encountered species. In this study, the efficiency of electrooxidation (EO) and its application in groundwater simulation were first evaluated as a realistic approach to PFOS removal. After optimizing EO parameters including the solution pH, . . .current density, and the effects of inlet concentration and the anode material, 83 total organic carbon (TOC) removal was obtained. In groundwater experiments, in which the infiltration of PFOS from soil layers into groundwater was simulated, 79 TOC removal efficiency was achieved in the more complex groundwater; moreover, an F− ion concentration of 8.78 mg/L was obtained from the decomposition of PFOS. To increase the realism of the simulation, the leachate process was repeated four times, and the EO process was applied to each sequential leachate. In addition, the process efficiency was studied in real landfill leachate wastewater to which PFOS had been added. Despite the challenging wastewater composition, 84 TOC removal efficiency was achieved. Together, these results indicate that BDD-anodic oxidation may be a practical method to treat PFOS-contaminated groundwater and wastewater. Keyword: electrochemical treatment; groundwater treatment; landfill leachate treatment; PFAS More less

Gülbübü KURMANBEKOVA | Yılmaz KAYA

Article | 2024 | Bioremediation Journal ( Published online: 27 Feb 2024 )

There are mounting concerns over the high concentrations of non-biogenic, toxic halogenated organic compounds being liberated into the ecosystem. Therefore, this study’s isolation of a novel bacterium from a contaminated stream in Fatsa, Ordu, Turkey, adept in degrading 2,2-dichloropropionic (of 2,2-DCP) is a welcome endeavor. The ability of the bacterial isolate to utilize 2,2-DCP as the sole carbon and energy source was discovered when the bacterium was observed to grow well on liquid minimal media containing 20 mM of 2,2-DCP, showing a doubling time of 14.2 h. The following genetic and biochemical characterizations revealed that . . .the 16S rRNA sequence of the fatsa001strain is identical (99) to Pseudomonas fluorescence, after which the sequence was deposited in the NCBI GenBank as Pseudomonas sp. strain fatsa001 (MN098848). The halogen-degrading ability of the P. fluorescens fatsa001 bacterium was again confirmed by the PCR data, which showed the presence of a conserved group of amino acids from the group I dehalogenase gene. It worth mentioning here that this is the first report on a P. fluorescence bacterial strain with the ability to degrade toxic 2,2-DCP. The detoxification ability of this bacterium envisages its practicality as an in situ environmental bioremediation agent. Keyword: dalapon herbicide; dehalogenase; dehalogenation; recalcitran More less

Ali RIŞVANLI

Article | 2022 | Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society73 ( 2 )

The immune system of the cow is kept strong to protect the cows from mastitis, which causes economic losses for dairy cattle herds. Cellular immunity, especially, plays an important role as a first-line defense system. In the case of inflammation, cytokines play a decisive role in monitoring this process. In this study, the relationship between somatic cell count (SCC) and cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and interleukins TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma,IL-2, -4, -5, and -10, respectively) concentrations in milk were determined. It was decided to support the humoral and cellular aspects of the udder defense system by de . . .termining the T-helper cell (Th1/Th2) cytokine polarization in high SCC milk from cows with signs of mastitis. Milk samples from 180 cows were divided into five groups according to the somatic cell count level (< 150 x 10(3), 151 x 10(3) 400 x 10(3), 401 x 10(3)-600x10(3), 601 x 10(3)-1,000 x 10(3), and > 1,000x10(3)cells/mL). It was understood that the Th1 direction was determined before mastitis was formed, that is when SCC was low (< 150 x 10(3)). As a result. it was concluded that theTh1 polarization should be supported to protect cows from mastitis More less

Ali Osman SOLAK

Article | 2011 | Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation16 ( 10 )

In this paper the authors suggest a new method of detection of possible differences between similar near infrared (NIR) spectra based on the self-similar (fractal) property. This property is a general characteristic that belongs to a wide class of the strongly-correlated systems. As an example we take a set of NIR spectra measured for three systems: (1) glassy carbon (GC) electrodes, (2) GC electrodes affected by azobenzene (AB) substance and finally (3) films (AB-FILM). Besides the physical model that should describe the intrinsic properties of these substances we found the fitting function that follow from the linear principle for . . . the strongly-correlated variables. This function expressed in the form of linear combination of 4 power-law functions describes with the high accuracy the integrated curves that were obtained from the averaged values of the initially measured spectra. The nine fitting parameters can be considered as the quantitative “finger prints” for detection of the differences between similar spectra. Besides this result we established the self-similar behavior of the remnant functions. In other words, the difference between the initially integrated function and its fitting function can be expressed in the form of linear combinations of periodical functions having a set of frequencies following to relationship ω(k) = ω0ξk, where the initial frequency ω0 and scaling factor ξ are determined by the eigen-coordinates method. This behavior in the NIR spectra was discovered in the first time and physical reasons of such behavior merit an additional research. - Keywords: Azobenzene modified electrode; Nano-film; Linear principle of the strongly-correlated variables; Eigen-coordinates metho More less