İsmail ERPER | Sezim COLDOŞBEKOVA

Note | 2023 | Journal of Plant Pathology105 ( 3 )

Keywords; penicillium fruit rot; postharvest; pyrus communis; RPB2

İsmail ERPER | Sezim COLDOŞBEKOVA

Editorial materials | 2020 | Journal of Plant Pathology102 ( 4 )

İsmail ERPER | Sezim COLDOŞBEKOVA

Editorial materials | 2020 | Journal of Plant Pathology103 ( 1 )

İsmail ERPER

Editorial materials | 2020 | Journal of Plant Pathology102 ( 4 )

İsmail ERPER

Article | 2020 | Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection128 ( 1 )

The invasive ambrosia beetle,Xylosandrus germanusBlandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is a serious pest of hazelnut in Turkey, which is the biggest hazelnut producer in the world. In this study, the utility of four isolates representing differentTrichodermaspecies (T. harzianum,T. hamatum,T. asperellum, andT. atroviride) was evaluated on survival, gallery behavior and brood production ofX. germanusby effecting the symbiotic fungal development at laboratory conditions. Hazelnut branches were exposed to fungal suspensions (1 x 10(6)and 1 x 10(8)conidia mL(-1)doses) for about 30 s. and transferred to individual plastic bo . . .xes. Ten healthy females ofX. germanuswere released into each box to determine the effect of the treatment of mycoparasite isolates. The antagonistic effect ofTrichodermaspecies on symbiotic fungus was evaluated in dual-culture experiments in Petri dishes. The survival and gallery production of the pest were not directly affected by treatment of two different doses of all fourTrichodermaspecies. The growth of the symbiotic fungus, however, was suppressed significantly byTrichodermaisolates in beetle galleries as well as on Petri dishes. Moreover, symbiotic fungal growth and eggs, larvae, and pupae of the beetle were not observed in the galleries carved out by females within the branches treated with two concentrations ofT. harzianum,T. asperellum, andT. atroviride. Some of the galleries in the branches treated withT. hamatumhad very sparse mycelial growth and fewer broods compared to the control. Our findings showed that theTrichodermaspecies may be potential biological control agents againstX. germanus More less

İsmail ERPER

Article | 2020 | MANAS Journal of Agriculture, Veterinary and Life Science (MJAVL)10 ( 1 )

Bu çalışmada, potasyum karbonat (PK) ve potasyum bikarbonat (PBK)’ın Sclerotium oryzae’nin misel gelişimi üzerindeki antifungal etkinliği in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Tuzların fungusun misel gelişimi üzerine antifungal etkisi %0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 ve 1.0 (w/v) konsantrasyonları kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. In vitro testler, artan PK ve PBK konsantrasyonlarının kontrol ile kıyasla fungusun misel gelişimi üzerindeki engelleyici etkileri arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir (P

İsmail ERPER

Article | 2021 | Journal of Fungi7 ( 3 )

A total of 132 Rhizoctonia isolates were recovered from red cabbage plants with root rot and wirestem symptoms in the province of Samsun (Turkey) between 2018 and 2019. Based on the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region located between the 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes and including nuclear staining, these 124 isolates were assigned to multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani, and eight were binucleate Rhizoctonia. The most prevalent anastomosis group (AG) was AG 4 (84? which was subdivided into AG 4 HG-I (81?and AG 4 HG-III (3? followed by AG 5 (10?and AG-A (6? respectively. The unweighted pair group method ph . . .ylogenetic tree resulting from the data of 68 isolates with the inter-PBS amplification DNA profiling method based on interspersed retrotransposon element sequences confirmed the differentiation of AGs with a higher resolution. In the greenhouse experiment with representative isolates (n = 24) from AGs on red cabbage (cv. Rondale), the disease severity index was between 3.33 and 4.0 for multinucleate AG isolates and ranged from 2.5 to 3.17 for AG-A isolates. In the pathogenicity assay of six red cabbage cultivars, one isolate for each AG was tested using a similar method, and all cultivars were susceptible to AG 4 HG-I and AG 4 HG-III isolates. Redriver and Remale were moderately susceptible, while Rescue, Travero, Integro, and Rondale were susceptible to the AG 5 isolate. The results indicate that the most prevalent and aggressive AGs of Rhizoctonia are devastating pathogens to red cabbage, which means that rotation with nonhost-crops for these AGs may be the most effective control strategy. This is the first comprehensive study of Rhizoctonia isolates in red cabbage using a molecular approach to assess genetic diversity using iPBS-amplified DNA profiling More less

İsmail ERPER

Editorial materials | 2019 | Journal of Plant Pathology102 ( 2 )

During June and August in 2018, kiwifruit (cv. Hayward) plants exhibiting symptoms of charcoal rot including chlorosis, necrosis, leaf shedding, root rot, and trunk dry rot were observed with an incidence of up 5?n three commercial orchards located in Altınordu, Fatsa and Perşembe districts of Ordu province. After surface sterilization with 1?aClO, small pieces excised from root tissues of diseased plants were rinsed twice in sterile distilled water, dried on sterile filter papers and aseptically transferred to plates containing potato dextrose agar. Ten isolates from the plates were identified as Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goi . . .d. based on the growth characteristics, agar pigmentation, and the presence of microsclerotia 78.8 to 90.75 μm in diameter (n = 30) (Dhingra and Sinclair 1973). To confirm the identification, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA of a representative isolate (KWF09) was amplified and sequenced. The resulting 537-bp sequence (GenBank accession No. MK287619) shared 99?imilarity to those of M. phaseolina isolates CBS-231.33, CBS-457.70 and CBS-126630 (KF951631, KF951636 and MH864176, respectively) in the GenBank database. The pathogenicity assay with isolate KWF09 was performed on 4-month-old kiwifruit seedlings according to Singleton et al. (1993). The seedlings were transferred to the growth chamber and kept at 28 °C. Six weeks after inoculation, brown to black lesions were observed on the roots of inoculated plants, from which M. phaseolina was consistently re-isolated. Although detailed studies are needed to determine the distribution of charcoal rot in Ordu, to our knowledge, this is the first report of charcoal rot caused by M. phaseolina on kiwifruit from Turkey More less

İsmail ERPER

Article | 2022 | Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection55 ( 8 )

This study evaluated the efficacy of various salts against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae (Fomg) in vitro and in vivo bioassays. Ammonium bicarbonate/carbonate, potassium benzoate/sorbate, sodium benzoate/carbonate/metabisulphite at 2.0 entirely halted mycelial growth and spore germination of the fungus. Considering the EC50, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration values of the salts, sodium metabisulphite was more toxic to the fungus. In soil bioassays, at 0.4 and 0.6, sodium metabisulphite and potassium sorbate reduced the mycelial growth of the fungus by 98.89. However, in the soil/seed germi . . .nation bioassays, potassium sorbate and sodium carbonate at 0.05-0.1 concentrations had a much lower inhibitory effect on root elongation compared to the others. The two salts may be possible to reduce the number of traditional fungicides required by integrating them with disease management strategies. However, the possibility of including inorganic salts in programs to treat fungal diseases requires further research in the greenhouse conditions More less

İsmail ERPER

Article | 2020 | Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control30 ( 1 )

The efficacy of the two entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae (TR 106) and Beauveria bassiana (TR 217), was tested against the adults of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in laboratory. Two concentrations of conidial suspensions (1 x 10(6) and 1 x 10(8) conidia/ml) of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana isolates were directly applied on four pairs of adult beetles in Petri dishes (2 ml/dish) and then incubated at two different climatic regimes; 22 +/- 1 degrees C and 26 +/- 1 degrees C with 70 +/- 5% RH, 16:8 h light-to-dark. Lethal time values (LT50 and LT90) were calculated us . . .ing probit analysis. As a result, the LT50 and LT90 values of M. anisopliae (1 x 10(8) conidia/ml) were 4.45 and 5.34 days at 26 degrees C and 5.17 and 6.15 days at 22 degrees C, respectively. LT50 and LT90 values of B. bassiana (1 x 10(8) conidia/ml) were 4.07 and 5.11 days at 26 degrees C and 4.07 and 5.41 days at 22 degrees C, respectively. LT50 and LT90 values of M. anisopliae (1 x 10(6) conidia/ml) were 5.42 and 6.43 days at 26 degrees C and 6.08 and 7.54 days at 22 degrees C, respectively. The LT50 and LT90 values of B. bassiana (1 x 10(6) conidia/ml) were 5.67 and 7.15 days at 26 degrees C and 5.47 and 7.50 days at 22 degrees C, respectively. Approximately 100% of mycoses were obtained in all treatments. In general, the effectiveness of these two entomopathogens increased by increasing suspension concentrations and temperature. These results suggest that the two isolates may be very successful in biological control of the C. maculatus and may be alternatives for chemical pest management More less

İsmail ERPER | Şenol YILDIZ | Sezim COLDOŞBEKOVA | Tair Esenalı Uulu

Article | 2023 | Journal of Fungi9 ( 1 )

Fungal species associated with crown and root rot diseases in wheat have been extensively studied in many parts of the world. However, no reports on the relative importance and distribution of pathogens associated with wheat crown and root rot in Kyrgyzstan have been published. Hence, fungal species associated with wheat crown/root rot were surveyed in three main wheat production regions in northern Kyrgyzstan. Fungal species were isolated on 1/5 strength potato-dextrose agar amended with streptomycin (0.1 g/L) and chloramphenicol (0.05 g/L). A total of 598 fungal isolates from symptomatic tissues were identified using morphological . . . features of the cultures and conidia, as well as sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1), and the RNA polymerase II beta subunit (RPB2) genes. The percentage of fields from which each fungus was isolated and their relative percentage isolation levels were determined. Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal agent of common root rot, was the most prevalent pathogenic species isolated, being isolated from 86.67 of the fields surveyed at a frequency of isolation of 40.64. Fusarium spp. accounted for 53.01 of all isolates and consisted of 12 different species. The most common Fusarium species identified was Fusarium acuminatum, which was isolated from 70 of the sites surveyed with an isolation frequency of 21.57, followed by Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium nygamai, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium equiseti, all of which had a field incidence of more than 23. Inoculation tests with 44 isolates representing 17 species on the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Seri 82 revealed that Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum isolates were equally the most virulent pathogens. The widespread distribution of moderately virulent B. sorokiniana appears to be a serious threat to wheat culture, limiting yield and quality. With the exception of F. culmorum, the remaining Fusarium species did not pose a significant threat to wheat production in the surveyed areas because common species, such as F. acuminatum, F. nygamai, F. oxysporum, and F. equiseti, were non-pathogenic but infrequent species, such as Fusarium redolens, Fusarium algeriense, and F. pseudograminearum, were highly or moderately virulent. Curvularia inaequalis, which was found in three different fields, was mildly virulent. The remaining Fusarium species, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium burgessii, and Fusarium tricinctum, as well as Microdochium bolleyi, Microdochium nivale, and Macrophomina phaseolina, were non-pathogenic and considered to be secondary colonizers. The implications of these findings are discussed More less

İsmail ERPER

Article | 2022 | Plant Disease106 ( 3 )

During the period of June to October in 2018, a widespread decline was observed on kiwifruit vines in the vineyards located in the Altinordu, Fatsa, and Persembe districts of Ordu province in Turkey. The symptoms were associated with reddish-brown rots expanding from the root to the collar with sparse off-color foliage. Based on the percentage of the total infected samples across 18 vineyards, the most common oomycete species were Globisporangium intermedium (37.1), Phytopythium vexans (34.3), Globisporangium sylvaticum (14.3), Globisporangium heterothallicum (11.4), and Pythium dissotocum (2.9). The morphological identification of . . .isolates was confirmed based on partial DNA sequences containing the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region gene and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II gene. The optimum growth temperature and the optimum pH values of the five species ranged from 22.98 to 28.25 degrees C and 5.67 to 8.51, respectively. Pathogenicity tests on the seedlings of kiwifruit cv. Hayward revealed significant differences in virulence among isolates. Phytopythium vexans and Globisporangium sylvaticum isolates caused severe root and collar rot resulting in seedling death, while Globisporangium heterothallicum and Globisporangium intermedium isolates had relatively lower virulence. All Globisporangium spp. and Phytopythium vexans isolates significantly decreased plant growth parameters (plant height, shoot and root dry weights, and root length) however, Pythium dissotocum caused very mild symptoms and did not affect these parameters of growth. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting Globisporangium sylvaticum, Globisporangium heterothallicum, and Globisporangium intermedium causing root and collar rot on kiwifruit not only in Turkey but also in the world More less